Question 1

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   triglyceride--fat
B)   eicosanoid--prostaglandin
C)   ribose--RNA
D)   enzyme--protein
E)   cholesterol--nucleic acidF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

If the products of a chemical reaction contain less potential energy than the reactants,

Accepted Answer

A)   energy has been stored in the molecular bonds of the product.
B)   energy has been released by the breaking of molecular bonds.
C)   the reaction will be reversible without additional energy input.
D)   a synthesis reaction is likely to have occurred.
E)   All of these choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

A base is a proton

Accepted Answer

A)   donor.
B)   converter.
C)   acceptor.
D)   creator.
E)   Both acceptor and creator.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Chemical energy

Accepted Answer

A)   moves matter.
B)   results from the position or movement of objects.
C)   is a form of potential energy within chemical bonds.
D)   comes from the sun.
E)   is not important in physiological processes.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide.
B)   Sodium chloride is dissolved in water.
C)   ATP is converted to ADP.
D)   Sucrose is chemically separated to form one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.
E)   Several dipeptide chains are formed from digestion of a long polypeptide chain.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Hydrogen bonds are important for all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)   producing surface tension in water
B)   helping hold DNA strands together
C)   helping atoms give up or receive electrons
D)   helping hold a protein structure togetherE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of bond is found at "B"?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen atom
B)   polar covalent bond
C)   water molecule
D)   hydrogen atom
E)   hydrogen bondF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions

Accepted Answer

A)   dissociate or separate from one another.
B)   get lost in the solvent.
C)   cling tightly together.
D)   lose their charge.
E)   settle to the bottom of the container.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The energy stored in ATP is a form of ________ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   mechanical
B)   heat
C)   electrical
D)   chemical
E)   kineticF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called

Accepted Answer

A)   molecules
B)   nonelectrolytes and solutes.
C)   electrolytes, because they can conduct an electrical current.
D)   nonelectrolytes, because they do not conduct an electrical current.
E)   molecules and electrolytes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Heat energy is

Accepted Answer

A)   energy that flows between objects with different temperatures.
B)   movement of ions or electrons.
C)   stored energy that could do work but is not doing so.
D)   energy that moves in waves.
E)   the form of energy that actually does work.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Normal pH range for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. If blood pH falls below 7.35,

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of red blood cells decreases.
B)   the blood becomes saltier.
C)   an imbalance called acidosis results.
D)   an imbalance called alkalosis results.
E)   nothing happens as this is an acceptable deviation.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 13

What protein structure results from folding or coiling of a polypeptide chain caused by hydrogen bonds between amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary structure
B)   tertiary structure
C)   quaternary structure
D)   primary structure
E)   peptide structureF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   chloride ion
B)   dissociation
C)   water molecule
D)   sodium ion
E)   salt crystalF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The building blocks of proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)   eicosanoids.
B)   amino acids.
C)   triglycerides.
D)   phospholipids.
E)   monosaccharides.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

The molecule used most frequently by cells as a fuel belongs to which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrates
B)   nucleic acids
C)   prostaglandins
D)   phospholipids
E)   steroidsF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

Accepted Answer

A)   A buffer releases acid to maintain proper pH.
B)   A buffer forms both cations and anions to counteract acids.
C)   A buffer can act like a base if pH is acidic, and it can act like an acid if pH is basic.
D)   A buffer release base to neutralize acid.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Hyperventilation causes the loss of large amounts of carbon dioxide from the body, decreasing the amount of hydrogen ions in solution. As a result,

Accepted Answer

A)   the pH of body fluids will rise.
B)   the pH of body fluids will fall.
C)   the pH of body fluids will become neutral.
D)   the pH of body fluids will not be affected.
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

Accepted Answer

A)   glucose
B)   lactose
C)   disaccharide
D)   sucrose
E)   maltoseF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen bonds.
B)   high energy bonds.
C)   peptide bonds.
D)   Van der Waals bonds.
E)   ionic bonds.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Heat energy is

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When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions

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The building blocks of proteins are

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Which of the following is mismatched?

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Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms?

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Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by

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What protein structure results from folding or coiling of a polypeptide chain caused by hydrogen bonds between amino acids?

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-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of bond is found at "B"?

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How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

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The energy stored in ATP is a form of ________ energy.

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-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "A" represent?

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Chemical energy

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The molecule used most frequently by cells as a fuel belongs to which of the following groups?

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Normal pH range for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. If blood pH falls below 7.35,

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Hyperventilation causes the loss of large amounts of carbon dioxide from the body, decreasing the amount of hydrogen ions in solution. As a result,

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A base is a proton

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Hydrogen bonds are important for all of the following except:

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Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

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If the products of a chemical reaction contain less potential energy than the reactants,

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Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called

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